praktika3(1)_ Zyamilova_E_Z

Упражнения до прослушивания текста

1. Запомните незнакомые слова 

ordinary -обычный

improve - улучшить

term - четверть

script - алфавит

2. What languages are mentioned in the texts?

3. Give a title to each text.

B1

Now we are ready to start.

Speaker 1

In Spain I lived in a flat with students from the local university. In my drama class I met a Spanish girl who was looking for someone to speak English with. We became best friends and we spoke half the time in English, and half the time in Spanish. I also joined a gym and had great fun trying to do an aerobics class which was not a difficult task though the instructions were given in Spanish. On Sundays I went to the cinema and only watched Spanish films. Now I’m quite good at Spanish.

Speaker 2

I went to China to work as an English language teacher because I wanted to understand people who live in China. It took me a long time before I met local Chinese people with the same interests as I had. I met even more interesting people thanks to them. I had great fun and left China with a better understanding of the lifestyle of ordinary Chinese people.

Speaker 3

The first foreign language which I studied was French. I learnt it at a secondary school. Between school and university I spent three months working on two farms in southern France. This helped me to speak easily in French and to get a rich vocabulary connected with farming. I can still speak and read in French quite well. However, my written French is rather bad.

Speaker 4

I have always been good at languages that’s why I studied French and German at high school. To brush up my French and German I took part in a few student exchange programmes. But then I thought that my chances of finding a good job might be improved if I chose a more unusual language. I considered Chinese, Japanese and Arabic. Finally I decided on Chinese and Japanese, which I studied at the University of Leeds. During my second year I spent a term studying Chinese in China, and another term studying Japanese in Osaka.

Speaker 5

I began learning Arabic because I planned to visit different Arabic-speaking countries, including Morocco. Using a textbook I learnt Arabic pronunciation, the Arabic script, a few words and a bit of grammar. Soon I spent some weeks in Morocco. Unfortunately I found out that my French was much more useful than the little Arabic I knew.

Speaker 6

Many years ago I was given an Irish whistle as a birthday present. I liked it so much that soon I started to collect Irish tunes, songs and albums, it became my favourite occupation. I enjoyed listening to Irish music so much that I started playing it myself. As I listened to and played Irish music I got interested in the Irish language as well. And you see, my hobby led me to the decision to start learning the Irish language. 

Аудирование A8-A14

Вы услышите интервью с участником научного эксперимента. В заданиях А8 – А14 обведите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.

A8 The speaker's mission was

1)     to build a castle from the stones.

2)   to prove that the stones were blue.

3)    to transport the stones.

A9 In ten weeks they pulled

1)     just one three-ton stone.

2)   12 stones to the coast.

3)    240 huge bluestones.

A10 A sledge used to carry the stones

1)     was stolen.

2)   was broken.

3)    was very massive.

A11 The speaker told that one of the rocks

1)     is exhibited in the museum.

2)   is lying on the seabed.

3)    was covered by pictures.

A12  The speaker admitted that they

1)     spoilt the results of the experiment.

2)   used modern machines during the experiment.

3)    were very disappointed with the results.

A13 The experiment  was halted because

1)     the lack of money.

2)   the lack of volunteers.

3)    the bad weather.

A14 The speaker is sure

1)     that the experiment will succeed.

2)   that the sponsors will lose their money.

3)    that they need less volunteers to continue the experiment.

Keys:

A8 – 3

A9 – 1

A10 – 1

A11 – 2

A12 – 2

A13 – 3

A14 – 1

Learn the new words:

To sling – подвешивать

To sink – тонуть

To load sth onto sth – грузить что-то на что-то

To tow – буксировать

To drag – тянуть

To slide – скользить

Put the sentences in the right order to make a story:

a)    The stone sank.

b)   They never reached the site of Stonehenge.

c)    They loaded the stone onto a wooden platform.

d)   They dragged the stones using ropes.

e)    The stone was slung between two boats.

f)      The stoned was towed by the boats.

g)    The stone slid into the water.

h)   It was hard to transport heavy stones over long distances.

Keys:

1 – h, 2- c, 3 – d, 4 – e, 5 – f, 6 – g, 7 – a, 8- b.

Text for listening:

Presenter: Most listeners will know about the Stonehenge experiment and its unfortunate ending. Today, one of the members of the team is with us in the studio. Welcome John! Tell me, how did it all start?

John: Well, you see, experts have identified the type of rock in the inner ring at Stonehenge as Welsh bluestone from the Preseli Mountains. But how the huge stones were transported 4, 000 years ago is quite another thing. It has always been a mystery. Historians have been given a 100,000 £ to discover how it was done. Our mission was to transport a huge bluestone rock 240 miles to Stonehenge in Wiltshire from the Preseli Mountains in West Wales. It is thought that Prehistoric people dragged several of the massive stones over the same route to form the monuments inner circle more than 4,000 years ago.

P.: Did you manage to do the same?

J.: Well, in a word we didn’t. Our team was dogged by misfortune. In ten weeks we pulled just one three-ton stone and we only managed 12 miles to the coast. We discovered dragging the bluestone was much more difficult than we expected and we covered only one mile a day instead of the three we intended. It got even worse when the journey had to be delayed, as 40 tired helpers dropped out. Then a sledge used to carry the stone was stolen by thieves. Eventually, the stone was slung between two rowing boats, built for a labour –saving sea voyage along the west coast from Dale to Denby.

Twenty experienced rowers were hired for the trip, but soon after they set off the sea turned rough. As the organizers signaled us to turn back, the ropes around the precious stone came loose and the crew watched in horror as the giant rock gently slid into the water with a splash. The rock is now lying o the seabed – 50 ft below the surface. It could be that the same problems were experienced by our ancestors. This could be a case of history repeating itself.

P.: Did you use any modern devices or was it all like in ancient times?

J: The idea was to seriously recreate the efforts made by Stone Age man to take the rocks to Stonehenge. However, new Millennium Man  is simply not up to the job. I have to admit there was some “cheating” from the start. Instead of dragging the stone from its source, it was carried by lorry over some difficult places. Then it was pulled along roads on top of plastic net, which reduced the drag. Next it was loaded onto the boats, using a modern crane, before they were towed down the river.

P: Were the people involved very disappointed?

J.: Only a bit because, in many ways, it was very enjoyable to really relieve history like that. Anyway I’m sure Stone Age man did not manage the journey without a slip-up or two, and I don’t think that even the ancient tribes would have tried rowing these stones across the sea in the middle of winter.

P.: Are you going to make another attempt?

J.: As Phil Bowen, head of the project, said it had to be halted because the worsening weather and failing daylight could place volunteers’ lives at risk. Critics say the exercise should be abandoned. But the sponsors, who have committed £ 100,000 to the millennium stone project, say they will continue to support the scheme next spring. We now realize we needed a lot more people to shift the stone three miles. But we will be back next spring and we still think we can do it.

Vocabulary:

 Be dogged by misfortune – to have bad luck for a long time

Drop out – to leave some activity before it is finished

Come loose – to become not firmly fixed in place

Be not up to the job – be not good enough to do the job

Reduce the drag – to make the force that pushes against something moving forward less strong

A slip – up – a careless mistake

Be halted – to be prevented from continuing

Термины:

Prehistoric – доисторический

Stone Age – Каменный век

Имена собственные:

Stonehenge

Wales – Welsh

Preseli Mountains

Wiltshire

Dale

Denby

Phil Bowen

Aудирование В1

Вариант 1

 Задание В1

  Speaker 1

On the night of Christmas Eve, Russian people go to Church for the Christmas Mass, and then go home.Not much celebrating takes place, rather off to bed, and then up in the morning and straight to church for the Christmas day Liturgy.

After church people will go to one of the relatives so that the family can all be together. Here, the family gives gifts, and has Christmas lunch — the main meal of Christmas.

Speaker 2

 I usually start thinking about Christmas at late October time. All my family and friends think I'm strange because I think about it so early but say that they would be worried if I didn't!

On Christmas Eve, Mum starts preparing the dinner for tomorrow and we wrap up the last of our giftsto put under the tree. My Granny will come and help us prepare for tomorrow which is very helpful. I help with the last minute jobs and go to sleep at about 11 or 12. I'll wake up at about 7.30. Then we all open our presents together.

Speaker 3

As I watch people rushing around the West End of London, preparing for the holiday, I wonder what Christmas was like in England when it lasted fortwelve days. We make a fuss about turkey and ham now — think what a fuss we would have made about all that food and drink for two weeks feasting! And think how fat you must have felt at the end of it all!

Speaker 4

Christmas would start with my mother making the Christmas cake, early November if 1 remember right. It had to sit a few weeks before we iced it. It would smell so good. Then it would be letter writing time to Father Christmas, but the best was to sit on Father Christmas's lap and tell him what we wanted, and hope we'd been good enough that year so he'd come.

Speaker 5

Christmas in Australia takes place in the heat of summer since the country is located in the Southern Hemisphere. Many Australians still look to their British roots at this special time of the year and a traditional Christmas meal usually includes a turkey dinner, sometimes with ham. Some Australians and particularly tourists have their Christmas dinner on a local beach. Other families enjoy their day on apicnic. If they are at home, the day may be punctuated by swimming in the pool, playing cricket in the backyard, and other outdoor activitiesbeneath swaying palms.

Speaker 6

Since Christmas occurs in summer, New Zealanders do not have a tradition of snow and ice. That, however, doesn't stop Santa who still visits the cities and towns while dressed in his red and white outfit. Because so many people from the Northern Hemisphere now live in New Zealand, it has become the tradition to have two Christmases, oneon the 25th of December and the other in July, which is mid-winter.

ключи

Аудирование A1-A7

Задания А1 – А7

Вы услышите речь женщины по имени Морейн. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений А1-А7 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3- Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

A1. Moraene cannon work because of bad health.

1) True  2)False 3) Not stated.

A2. Her husband died in a car crash.

1) True  2)False 3) Not stated.

A3 The place where she lives is safe.

1) True  2)False 3) Not stated.

A4 Poverty made her feel depressed.

1) True  2)False 3) Not stated.

A5 Moraene has a good relationship with her son.

1) True  2)False 3) Not stated.

A6 Moraene has no time to go to the theatre.

1) True  2)False 3) Not stated.

A7 Moraene says that poor people are deprived of human rights.

1) True  2)False 3) Not stated.

keys:

A1 - 1, A2 - 3, A3-2, A4 - 1, A5 - 2, A6 - 3, A7 – 1

Exercises:

 I Learn the  new words:

Poor housing conditions – плохие жилищные условия

Bad health – плохое здоровье

Debts  - долги

Lone/single parents – одинокие родители

Malnutrition – плохое питание

Low pay -  низкая заработная плата

Lack of education – недостаток образования

Lack of leisure – недостаток досуга

Unemployment – безработица

Stress – стресс

Crime – преступность

II Divide the words into two groups: causes and effects of poverty:

III You are going to listen to the speech given by a woman called Moraene. Read the title and try to predict what kind of changes she will mention.

“Real change will come from the bottom up”

Listen to the speech and check your guesses.

Text for listening.

Poverty takes over your whole life, changing your future and your children’s.

I spent years struggling against its effects, living in damp conditions in a place where burglary and personal attack were common. I was trying to get help from my older son who had special educational needs. Feeling like a total failure.

Finally, six years ago, I had a breakdown and become suicidal. A friend got in touch with a charity that supports families living in poverty.

Sharing experience can help. People from diverse backgrounds and cultures fight together for their right to take active part in society, to get recognition of their human rights.

These are the bravest and strongest people I have ever met.

For all of us, living in poverty has meant giving up rights and choices. To get the right education for my elder son, I had to place him in care.

I felt guilty. He felt rejected and our relationship was damaged.

Parents give the most nutritious food to the children, while they eat bread, margarine and leftovers. Some don’t eat much at all. Malnutrition is common.

We have to accept low paid work or lose out. We cannot choose how to use our free time. We cannot afford the cost of public transport to reach free facilities. As for the arts, a seat at the opera can cost more than a week’s benefit.

Debts, illness, imprisonment for unpaid fines can leave us homeless or without our children.

Vocabulary:

Burglary – кража со взломом

Free facilities – бесплатные удобства

Take active part in society – принимать активное участие в жизни общества

Leftovers – остатки еды

Get in touch with a charity – войти в контакт с благотворительными организациями

Share experience – делиться опытом

Have special educational needs – нуждаться в специальном обучении