Автор: Категория: МОУ "Школа №15 с УИОП" г.Казань Дата: Окт. 31, 2011
Подготовка к ЕГЭ
Темы для сочинений на ЕГЭ по английскому языку:
Comment on the following statement.
10. Some people believe that animals without owners should have the right to live on the streets in cities. Others say that they could be dangerous and should be collected and found new homes, or even put down.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
CARD 1
FAMILY MATTERS
I. Questions:
1. What is the best age for getting married? Why?
2. Can a big difference in age be an obstacle to marriage?
3. What is an ideal family?
4. Why do you think there are so many divorces in modern world? Are they a curse or a blessing?
5. Is a marriage contract a good idea?
6. Can parents and children understand each other? What can help to bridge the generation gap between them?
7. Can these things unite families? Why? What way?
- common ideas
- spending free time together
- common property
- the necessity to look after their home together
- financial dependence on each other
- the necessity to take care of the children and younger sibs
- blood ties.
8. Can everyday family life spoil relations? What way?
9. What home duties should be?
II. Solving the problem
III. Monologue
IV. Dialogue
CARD 2
HOUSE AND HOME. COUNTRY AND CITY LIFE.
I. Questions:
1. Why do we need modern conveniences? Are they really necessary?
2. Do household appliances make our life easier?
3. Where would you like to live?
II. Solving the problem
III. Monologue
IV. Dialogue
C3
Give a 2-minute talk on famous people.
Remember to say:
what makes people famous (writers, singers, politicians, etc.)
what famous people / person you like, and why
where you prefer to get information about famous people from, and why
if the life of a famous person is easy, and why/why not
M-9
Give a two-minute talk on your teenager friends. Remember to say:
M-9
Give a two-minute talk on the most urgent problems of today. Remember to say:
M-9
Give a two-minute talk on the problem of generation gap. Remember to say:
Give a talk on mass media.
Remember to discuss:
• whether mass media are important to modern people, why
• how reliable they are in the presentation of information, why
• which source of information you consider the most accurate, why
• what you think about the Internet as a source of information.
Give a talk on learning English.
Remember to discuss:
• whether it is easy or difficult to learn English, why
• which is most important – grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, why
• what you prefer doing – listening, speaking, writing, reading, why
• what you could do to improve your English.
(Monologue; Time: 1,5-2 minutes.)
In a minute you will have to say what you think about capital punishment. Is it necessary? Why do people discuss it for so long?
(Monologue; Time: 1,5-2 minutes.)
In a minute you will have to say what you think about vegetarianism. Is it good or bad? Why do people discuss it for so long?
(Monologue; Time: 1,5-2 minutes.)
In a minute you will have to say what you think about the following: All adults should be allowed to buy guns. Is it correct? Why are so many people against it?
(Monologue; Time: 1,5-2 minutes.)
In a minute you will have to say what you think about the following: Would you agree to have a heart transplant? Can having another person's heart change your identity?
(Monologue; Time: 1,5-2 minutes.)
In a minute you will have to say what you think about the following: Eating can be some therapy for unhappy and stressed people. Can it really help?
(Monologue; Time: 1,5-2 minutes.)
In a minute you will have to say what you think about the following: Research shows that married people are healthier and live longer. Why do you think this is the case?
(Monologue; Time: 1,5-2 minutes.)
In a minute you will have to say what you think about the following: What shapes our personality: our genes or the environment in which we grow up? Justify your opinion.
(Monologue; Time: 1,5-2 minutes.)
In a minute you will have to say what you think about the following? Does age have anything to do with fashion and the clothes we wear? Justify your opinion.
Test 1
In 332 BC Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia, (1) Egypt. In 305 BC Alexander's general Ptolemy became king of Egypt, and for almost 300 years his (2) , the Ptolemies, ruled Egypt. Although Ptolemy was Macedonian by birth and the Ptolemies remained (3)_to Greek culture, they were (4) for one of the greatest periods of building and decorating temples in Egypt. The Ptolemies did so to win (5) for their rule from their Egyptian (6) . The Ptolemaic dynasty ended when Cleopatn, queen of Egypt, (7) suicide after the Romans (8) her forces at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC.
The Roman victory marked the end of ancient Egypt as an (9) power.
Test 2
Although the Smithsonian Institution may seem an American enterprise, its (1) He in the bequest of an Englishman, Smithson, who never even visited the United States. In October 1826, James Smithson (2) his will, (3) his vast (4) to his nephew with one proviso: if the nephew died with no (5) , Smithson's estate was to be given "to the United States of America, (6) at Washington, under the name of the Smithsonian Institution, an Establishment for the increase and (7) of knowledge among men". His nephew died, heirless, (8) than seven years after his uncle.
4. A fortunate C fortune
B fortunated D fortunately
Test 3
A number of individual diamonds have become (1)__, (2)__ because of their size. The largest of all (3)__ diamonds is the Cullinan, which was discovered in South Africa in 1905 and was (4)__ to Edward VII, king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, by the government of the Transvaal. The Cullinan weighed 3,106 carats before cutting and was pronounced by crystallographers to be a fragment of a (5)__ larger stone. When the stone was cut, a total of 105 gems were produced, (6)__ 1,063 carats in all. The largest of these was a stone called the Star of Africa, the biggest cut diamond in (7) __, and now set in the British (8)__ scepter.
B primary D primarily
B existing D existence
8. A royally C royalty
B royal D royals
Test 4
(1) ____ to tradition, the first American Thanksgiving was (2) in 1621 by the English Pilgrims who had founded the Plymouth Colony. The Pilgrims marked the (3) by (4) with their Native American guests who brought gifts of food as a gesture of goodwill. Although this event was an important part of American colonial history, there is no (5) that any of the (6) thought of the feast as a thanksgiving celebration. Two years later, during a period of drought, a day of fasting and prayer was changed to one of thanksgiving because rains came during the prayers. (7) the custom (8) among New Englanders to (9) celebrate Thanksgiving after the harvest.
1. A Accordingly C According
B Accordance D Accordant
Test 5
During an (1)___ 700 years ago, the England's King Edward I took the 181 kg Stone of Destiny from central Scotland. According to ancient prophecy, whoever had (2) the stone would have (3) over Scotland. According to legend, during coronations, the stone would make a (4) noise if the person sitting on it was of royal (5)__________________ , and it would remain (6) if the person was not of royal family. (7) for a brief period of time, the stone has remained under the coronation (8) at Westminster Abbey in London, England, for the last 700 years. (9)____ English and British monarch has been crowned on the Stone of Destiny since Edward brought it to Westminster Abbey in 1296.
B silence D silencing
7. A Exception C Except
B Excepting D Excepted
Test 6
The ancient games are athletic contests and other types of public (1) that were a (2) of the religious and social life of ancient Greece and Rome. The Roman games (3) radically from the Greek games in several respects. In Greece the people were often (4) , whereas in Rome they were mere spectators, and only professional athletes, slaves, and (5) usually took part. Also, the Greek games (6) for their entertainment (7) chiefly on (8) among athletes, whereas the Roman games were often characterized by the staging of battles (9) to the death and (10) large numbers of human beings and also beasts.
B featuring D featureless
3. A differed C differ
B different D difference
4. A participation C parts
B participants D participate
9 A fighting C fightingly
B fighter D fought
10. A involvement C involved
B involving D involve
Test 62
Cereals are various species of the grass family, (1)
for their seed, which is used as food. The name is (2)
from Ceres, the Roman goddess of grains and agriculture.
Although the cereals do not belong to any (3)____ tribe of
the grasses, the use of particular species as bread plants
seems to have been determined chiefly by the (4)____ size
of the seed or by the (5)__ of obtaining it in (6)
quantity and of freeing it from its (7)_____ covering. The
most (8) ___ cultivated grains are wheat, barley, rye,
oats, rice, corn or maize. These have all been cultivated
since ancient times. Maize is the only grain that (9)
in America; the others were developed in Europe, Asia, and Africa.
B easily D easement
6. A suffice ' C sufficiency
B sufficient D sufficiently
7. A edible C eat
B edibly D edibility
8. A extensively C extent
B extensive D extensible
9. A origin C origination
B original D originated
Test 63
Periodic floods (1) __ naturally on many rivers, forming an area known as the (2) plain. These river floods often result from heavy rain, sometimes combined with melting snow, which causes the rivers to overflow their banks; a flood that rises and falls rapidly with little or no (3) warning is called a flash flood. Flash floods are usually caused by (4) rainfall over a (5) __ small area. Coastal areas occasionally are flooded by unusually high tides (6) __ by (7) winds over ocean surfaces, or by tsunamis caused by undersea earthquakes. Floods not only damage property and (8) the lives of humans and animals, but have other (9) _________ as well.
1. A occurred C occur
B occurrence D occurring
2. A flow C flowed
B flood D flooding
3 A advance C advances
B advanced D advancing
4 A intensity C intensify
B intense D intensely
5. A relative C relate
B relativity D relatively
Test 64 |
Although several cane-cutting machines have been used with some (1) , most of the sugarcane in the world is (2) by hand. The cutting instrument most commonly used (3) __ of a large steel blade 50 cm (4) and about 13 cm (5)__, (6) with a small hook on the back, and set into a wooden handle. Cane is cut at or near the surface of the ground, stripped of its leaves by the knife hook, and trimmed at the top near the last (7)__ joint. The cane is then piled in rows along the ground until picked up by hand or machine, tied in bundles, and transported by cart or truck to the sugar factory, where the (8)__ mill extracts the sugar from the cane.
1. A succeed C success
B successful D succeeding
2. A harvesting C harvested
B harvester D harvest
B widen D widening
B grinding D grindable
Test 65
Quebec has several problems with (1) . Because of its location at the northeast corner of North America, winds from the southwest carry pollution to the (2) . Acid rain has (3) damaged (4) lakes and some forestlands, with maple trees the hardest hit. About half of the sulfur compounds that (5) acid rain originate at power plants and industrial sites in the United States, a quarter originate in Ontario, and a quarter originate within Quebec. In (6) , large parts of the St. Lawrence River are polluted by fertilizer runoff and toxic industrial discharges despite federally (7) regulations to improve the (8) of the water.
1 A pollute C polluting
B polluted D pollution
2. A provincialism C province
B provincial D provincially
B addition D added
7. A enforced C force
B forcing D enforce
8. A qualitative C qualifying
B quality D qualify
Test 66
A (1)____ lighthouse is a structure from which light is projected at night, or which serves as a marker by day, (2) _____ ships (3) in coastal waters. Light houses are constructed at important points on a coast line, at (4) ________ to harbours and estuaries, on rocky ledges or reefs, on islands, and even in the water. Light houses help (5) a ship's location, warn ships of (6) hazards, and (7) them that land is (8)___________ .
Lighthouses differ from smaller beacons in that a light house includes (9) quarters for a lighthouse keeper. Today, however, most lighthouses use automatic electric lights that do not (10) a full-time resident operator.
B entrant D entered
Test 67
In 1963 the ZIP (Zoning Improvement Program) code system was (1) to simplify the patterns and (2) of mail (3) . The ZIP code is a five-digit number used on the last line of the address (4) the name of the city and state. The first (5) , from 0 to 9, stands for one of the ten main geographical areas into which the United States and its (6) are (7) . The next four digits mark off (8) farther by subdividing the main area; the first three digits together (9) a sectional or metropolitan area, with the next two numbers (10) an (11) or branch post office. Use of ZIP codes is (12) .
B localities D localized
B voluntarily D voluntarism
Test 68
The first globes were built by ancient Greeks. The earliest known globe was said to have been (1) by the (2) Crates about 150 BC. An ancient celestial globe that still (3) was made about 150 AD as part of a (4) , called the Farnese Atlas, in the Naples Museum, Italy. The oldest (5) terrestrial globe was built in Germany, in 1492. This globe does not show the Americas. As new (6) were discovered in the 16th and 17th centuries, globes became more (7) ___. The world's largest globe is the Unisphere, which was built for the 1964 New York World's Fair. This (8) steel globe is 37 m (9) and weighs 408,000 kg, including its base.
B scholarly D scholastic
B sculpture D sculptural
5. A existing C exists
B existed D existence
6. A land C lands
B landless D landed
B stained D stainless
9. A cross C crossing
B crossed D across
Test 69
The Louvre, the national art museum of France and the palace in which it is (1) , is located in Paris, on the right bank of the Seine River. The structure, until 1682 a (2) of the kings of France, is one of the largest palaces in the world. It (3) the site of a 13th-century fortress. The building of the Louvre was begun in 1546. (4) were made to the structure during the (5) of almost every French (6) . Under Henry IV, in the early 17th century, the Grande Galerie, now the main picture gallery, which borders the Seine, was (7) . By the mid-19th century the vast complex was built; (8) more than 19 hectares, it is a masterpiece of architectural design.
1. A house C housed
B home D homeland
Test 70
Children's games are recreational (1)______ especially enjoyed by children. Any attempt (2)__ them is difficult because of their great number and (3)__ — children enjoy active games as well as passive ones, games of skill and those of chance, games (4)__ indoors or outdoors, and games for one child alone or for two or more. Some games are structured, that is, played according to formal rules and generally with (5) __ equipment; others are unstructured, "made up" (6) __ as the game progresses (and often prefaced with the suggestion, "Let's (7)__. Word games and guessing games — (8)__ lotto, questions, and charades — are also popular.
B spontaneity D spontaneousness
Test 71
Scarlet fever is an (1)_______ disease, caused by bacteria, which usually enter the body through the nose or mouth; it is transmitted from person to person by direct contact, that is, by sprays of droplets from the respiratory tract of an infected person, or by indirect contact through the use of utensils previously handled by an infected person. The disease most commonly (2)___children between the ages of two and ten
The typical (3)_______ symptoms of the disease are headache, sore throat, chills, fever, and general malaise. From two to three days after the first appearance of symptoms, red spots may appear on the palate; bright red papilla (4) on the tongue, giving it an appearance commonly called strawberry tongue. A characteristic skin eruption appears on the chest and usually spreads over the entire body except the face. The rash fades on pressure. The fever, which frequently runs as high as 40° to 40.6°C, generally lasts only a few days but may (5)___ to a week or longer. The rash usually fades in (6)___a week, and at that time the skin begins to peel.
Scarlet fever may be (7)___ by other diseases, for example, by pneumonia. Since the (8)___ of penicillin, however, most instances of scarlet fever can be (9)__ without the (10)__ of permanent after-effects.
1. A infectious C infect
B infection D infected
2. A affection C affects
B affected D affecting
B initial D initialized
B emerge D emergence
B extending D extend
B approximate D approximated
B complicate D complicating
B introducing D introduction
B cured D cureless
10. A occurrence C occurred
B occur D occurring
Test 72
The Great Depression in the United States, the worst and longest (1) collapse in the history of the modern industrial world, lasted from the end of 1929 until the early 1940s. Beginning in the United States, the depression spread to most of the world's industrial countries, which in the 20th century had become economically (2) on one another. The Great Depression saw rapid declines in the production and sale of goods and a sudden, severe rise in (3) . Businesses and banks closed their doors, people lost their jobs, homes, and savings, and many depended on (4) to (5) , In 1933, at the worst point in the depression, more than 15 million Americans — one-quarter ef the nation's workforce — were unemployed. The depression was caused by a number of serious (6) in the economy. Although the 1920s appeared on the surface to be a (7) time, income was unevenly distributed. The wealthy made large profits, but more and more Americans spent more than they (8) , and farmers faced low prices and heavy debt. The lingering effects of World War I caused economic problems in many countries, as Europe struggled to pay war debts and reparations. These problems (9) to the crisis that began the Great Depression: the (10) U.S. stock market crash of 1929, which ruined thousands of investors and destroyed (11) in the economy. Continuing throughout the 1930s, the depression ended in the United States only when spending for World War II began.
A unemployment C employ
B unemployed D employee
B massiveness D massive
Test 73
Periodicals are publications released on a (1)__basis that feature articles, poems, stories, and other types of writing. Many periodicals also (2) __ photographs and drawings. Periodicals that are aimed at a general audience, such as weekly news roundups, are also called magazines. Those with a more (3) __ audience, such
as publications of (4) ___ organizations, can be termed journals.
(5)_____ , the difference between periodicals and news papers has been a matter of format, publication schedule, and content. Most newspapers deal with the news of the day and are (6) daily on pulp paper with relatively large, unbound pages. Periodicals focus on more (7)__material, and when they deal with the news they tend do so in the form of (8) or commentaries. For centurie periodicals generally (9) on finer paper than newspapers, with smaller (10) pages, and at intervals longer than a day (weekly, every two weeks, monthly, quarterly, or even annually).
In the 1990s, with the (11)__ of the Internet, publishers began to release newspapers and periodicals on-line. This development (12)__ the line between the two forms because the general format of online newspapers and periodicals is (13)__, and the publication schedule of both forms became more (14)__. For example. many newspaper publishers update their on-line versions throughout the day, and some online periodicals do the same Despite these technological changes, the two forms differing emphasis in choice of content remains a (15) factor.
4. , A scholarly C scholarship
B scholar D scholastic
B growing D grown
12. A blur C blurry
B blurring D blurred
13. A similarity C similar
B similarly D similize
14. A flex C flexibility
B flexible D flexibly
15. A distinguish C distinguished
B distinguishing D distinguisher
Test 74
Throughout history, people have been (1)__ by life underwater, and the Professional Association of Dive Instructors (2)__ that there are now 6 million active divers worldwide. They (3)__ in many different types of diving, of which wreck, cave, (4) __ , and military diving are just a few. The most common form of diving is sport diving, or (5)__ diving, which is practiced at depths of less than 130 ft. From these depths, divers can make a (6) __ ascent to the surface. Diving beyond this limit requires (7) __ training. Because popular dive sites such as coral reefs and wrecks are (8)__ not near land, most diving is done from boats. In some locations, however, divers can enter the water from shore. On a typical outing, the divers decide beforehand how long they will remain underwater and how (9)__ they will descend. While the divers are underwater, at least one person serves as a spotter by remaining on the boat or on shore. All groups, whether diving from a boat or from shore, are (10) __ to fly a diver down flag (a red flag with a white diagonal slash) to alert boaters that people are underwater.
In general, divers seek locations where the water is clear, the temperatures warm, and the marine life (11)__. Divers often choose to visit areas with coral reefs because they are colourful and (12) with life, and provide shelter for many types of fish. The Caribbean is the most popular (13) in the world. Parts of the region are designated as marine parks or sanctuaries. Because they are protected from fishing and other human activity, these locations boast abundant aquatic plant and animal life. Similar protected areas (14) throughout the world, and the South Pacific, the Indian Ocean, and the Red Sea are common dive destinations.
B recreate D recreational
B type D typifying
9. A deep C depth
B deeply D deepen
10. A require C requirement
B required D requiring
11. A plenty C plentiful
B plenteously D plentifully
12. A densely C densing
B density D dense
Test 75 |
The Canary Islands or Canaries is the group of islands, the (1) region of Spain, in the Atlantic Ocean, off the north-western coast of Africa, (2) the provinces of Las Palmas and Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Their capitals are, (3) , Las Palmas on Grand Canary and Santa Cruz de Tenerife on Tenerife Island; the cities also serve as dual and (4)__ capitals of the region. The chief islands of the group, in (5)__ order of size, are Tenerife, Fuerteventura, the (6)__ to the African mainland, Grand Canary, Lanzarote, La Palma, Gomera, and Hierro. In addition, several barren islets are (7) in the group The Canary Islands are of volcanic (8)______________ and are noted for their scenery and mild, dry climate, which makes them an ideal site for astronomical (9) _ . Precipitation (10)__ mainly during the winter season. In areas below about 400 m elevation, the (11)___________ is typically northern African; characteristic (12) are the date palm, dragon tree, and cactus. Growing at higher levels are laurels. holly, myrtle, eucalyptus, pine, and a variety of flowering plants. Farming and fishing are the principal industries. The volcanic soil of the Canaries is extremely (13)__ . The islands have no rivers, however, and severe drought are common; (14) irrigation is therefore a (15) in most cultivable areas. Among important crops are bananas, citrus fruits, sugar cane, peaches, figs, wine grapes, grain, tomatoes, and potatoes. (16)__ products include textiles and fine (17)__. (18)__ is also important, and the islands are a (19)__ winter-resort area.
B original D originally
9. A observer C observed
B observation D observational
10. A occurrence C occurred
B occurs D occurring
11. A vegetable C vegetables
B vegetation D vegetate
12. A vary C various
B varied D varieties
13. A fertilizer C fertile
B fertilize D fertilized